Heavy-handed preparations ahead of the Centennial of China’s military in 2027 

The September meeting of the Politburo – the executive body of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) – focused on internal party governance and discipline, and General Secretary Xi Jinping used the occasion to once again emphasize anti-corruption work. 

As expected, the Politburo ratified the earlier decision to expel generals Zhang Youxia and Liu Shengli, both from the Party and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The two officers have been accused of corruption and other misdeeds, and their cases are now handed over to military prosecutors.  

Zhang and Liu were members of the Central Military Commission (CMC), China’s top military body. While they are the most prominent officers to be purged, they are not the only ones. According to a report published earlier this year, more than hundred generals have been removed – or have simply disappeared – since 2022. This includes only the two highest general ranks; if major generals and colonels were included, the number would be higher. 

2027: A military milestone 

China’s military is preparing for its centennial on August 1, 2027 – a milestone on the path toward achieving a “world-class military” by 2049. By 2027, military reforms aimed at enhancing quality – in weaponry and equipment, but also regarding personnel – should be completed. Chinese military media declared 2026 as the year for “decisive battle against corruption” in the PLA and the multiple military purges should be viewed against this background.  

Consequences for the PLA 

In the Chinese military, personal ties play a significant role in performance evaluations and promotions, while commanders are held responsible for the conduct of their subordinates. The removal of individual officers, including the two CMC generals, therefore has far-reaching consequences for the military organization. To fill the gaps, it appears that some established requirements have been relaxed, as seen in more rapid advancement to the highest general ranks, and promotions of individuals without top leadership experience from military theatre commands or service branches. 

Within the CMC, the dismissed generals have not yet been replaced. Of seven members appointed in 2022, only vice chairman General Zhang Shengmin and chairman Xi Jinping remain. Zhang holds senior positions within the CCP and PLA disciplinary committees, which underscores Xi’s anti-corruption focus. 

The year 2027 marks not only the centenary of the PLA, but also the next National Congress of the CCP, during which new military appointments are expected. These will provide important insights into the future direction of China’s armed forces. 

Sofia Ledberg